Anomalous Ettingshausen effect in iron–carbon alloys

We have investigated the anomalous Ettingshausen effect (AEE) in iron–carbon alloys, i.e., cast irons and steel, using lock-in thermography. All alloys exhibit clear AEE-induced temperature modulation, their coefficient is an order of magnitude greater than that pure iron at room temperature. The dimensionless figure merit for AEE ductile 55 times owing to significant increase coefficient. Our result reveals a potential as transverse thermoelectric materials, although composition microstructures optimizations are necessary.